In an early-stage tumor, surgeons have the option of removing the tumor and a small amount of healthy surrounding tissue. If the cancer has migrated to the lymph nodes in the neck, they may also be removed. The patient's appearance and ability to chew, talk, and swallow may be affected by surgery on the head and neck.

High-energy X-rays or Gamma rays are used to destroy cancer cells. This is done with the use of a linear accelerator or Telecobalt machine. Various advanced techniques are available to reduce normal tissue doses. Some of the possible adverse effects of radiation therapy are the development of sores or inflammation in the treated area, swallowing or tasting difficulties, or nausea.

If surgery is not feasible then, patients are advised to undergo chemoradiation concurrently. Radiotherapy with high precision techniques (IMRT, IGRT) will deliver high doses to required areas and lesser doses to normal tissues. This approach greatly assists in shrinking tumors, preventing recurrence, and preserving organ function. While effective it may cause some side effects.

Chemotherapy is the employment of anti-cancer medications to kill cancer cells all over the body. Typically, chemotherapy will be given to treat, control, or shrink the tumor. It is typically used for advanced-stage head and neck malignancies. Consult your head and neck specialist in Coimbatore about how to address these side effects.